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The passive - Referat



I was teased a lot by other kids.
→simple past
(was/were + past participle)
[verb+ -ed/3rd form of irregular verbs]

Spanish is spoken most places they
→simple present
(am/are/is+past participle)


in present perfect:
After they have been planted
(Have/has+been+past participle)

in will-future:
the strawberry plants will be protected
(will+be+past participle)

with “can”:
before they can be grown
(can+be+past participle)

with “must”:
the fields must be prepart
(must+be+past participle)

of verbs with two objects:
that farmer gave them their first jobs
Subject indirect object direct object

→ They were given their first jobs by that farmer.

Das Passiv wird verwendet:
- um hervorzuheben (emphasize):
wenn der Handelnde (doer) wichtig ist, benutzen wir das by-Objekt.
→ The washing-up is always done by Dad.
→ The window was broken by Tom. (not by me!)

- für Zusatzinformationen (further information):
→ The clothes are made by hand.
→ This bird can be seen only in the South of Africa.

Ist der Handelnde (das Subjekt) nicht bekannt oder nicht wichtig, brauchen wir kein by-Objekt:
→ Many school things were stolen.
→ Bikes are stolen nearly daily.
→ Cigarettes are smoked all over the world.

wenn das Subjekt somebody, people, nobody, they, … ist.
→ They speak English all over the world.
→ English is spoken all over the world.
(kein by-Objekt!)

→ Somebody helped her.
→ She was helped.
(kein by-Objekt!)

Präpositionen nicht vergessen!

→ They looked for the baby.
→ The baby was looked for.
(kein by-Objekt!)

→ People shouted at the man.
→ The man was shouted at.
(kein by-Objekt!)

→ Nobody slept in this bed last night.
→ This bed wasn’t slept in last night.
(kein by-Objekt!)

→ She cares for her old parents.
→ Her old parents are cared for by her.

→ You must work for your success.
→ Your success must be worked for.




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